Anaho Island National Wildlife Refuge

An uninhabited island in Pyramid Lake, Anaho Island protects one of the 2 largest American white pelican colonies in western North America. The island also has breeding colonies of Caspian terns, great blue herons, snowy egrets, California gulls, double-crested cormorants, and black-crowned night-herons. Access to the island is highly restricted with no humans allowed and boats not allowed to come closer than 500 feet from the rocky shores. The island itself is roughly 247 acres in size and can be seen from just about anywhere around the shore of Pyramid Lake.

Anaho Island was originally set aside by President Woodrow Wilson in 1913 as a breeding ground and preserve for colony nesting birds. The island was redesignated a National Wildlife Refuge in 1940. A proposal to designate Anaho Island as wilderness was presented to Congress in 1974 but has never been acted on. In 1990, Anaho Island was recognized as part of the Pyramid Lake Indian Reservation and has been managed by the US Fish & Wildlife Service ever since under an agreement with the Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe. Fish & Wildlife keeps everything pretty much natural but they do monitor the composition and abundance of vegetation on the island in comparison to other local habitats and they tend to band up to 400 preflight juvenile American white pelicans every year in late July and early August.

Anaho Island NWR is managed as part of the Stillwater NWR Complex.